Crown: Journal of Dentistry and Health Research

The Effect of Applying an Interdisciplinary Approach in the Management of Patients with Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Disorders at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia

Gunawan Gunawan — 2024-04-18

Introduction: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders are a common health problem with significant global prevalence. Effective management of TMJ requires an interdisciplinary approach involving various health professions, such as dentists, physiotherapists, and psychologists.

Methods: This study aims to evaluate the effect of applying an interdisciplinary approach in the management of patients with TMJ disorders at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia. A retrospective cohort study was conducted on TMJ patients referred to an interdisciplinary team between 2018 - 2023. Patient data was collected from electronic medical records and analyzed to compare the outcomes of patients who received an interdisciplinary approach with those who received a traditional approach.

Results: The results showed that the application of an interdisciplinary approach in the management of TMJ patients at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia was associated with significant improvements in patient symptoms, including pain, joint dysfunction, and quality of life. Patients who received an interdisciplinary approach also demonstrated higher levels of satisfaction with their care.

Conclusion: Implementation of an interdisciplinary approach in the management of TMJ patients at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia was associated with significant improvements in patients' symptoms and their level of satisfaction with treatment. This approach is recommended for the management of TMJ patients in all clinical settings.

Analysis of Machine Learning-Based Dental Caries Risk Prediction Model at Cairo Hospital, Egypt

Ayman Sami — 2024-04-19

Introduction: Dental caries is the most common chronic disease in children and adults throughout the world. Prevention of dental caries is very important to maintain healthy teeth and mouth. The aim of this study was to develop and analyze a machine learning (ML)-based dental caries risk prediction model in patients at Cairo Hospital, Egypt.

Methods: Patient data was collected from medical records at Cairo Egypt Hospital. These data include demographic information, oral habits, and dental status. Different ML models, such as random forest, logistic regression, and support vector machine (SVM), were trained and evaluated to predict the risk of dental caries.

Results: The developed ML model showed good performance in predicting the risk of dental caries. The random forest model had the highest accuracy, namely 87%, followed by logistic regression (85%) and SVM (82%).

Conclusion: The ML model developed in this study can be a valuable tool to predict the risk of dental caries and to assist dentists in dental caries prevention efforts.

Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Low Power Diode Laser Therapy for the Treatment of Chronic Gingivitis in Skopje Hospital Macedonia

Milla Spiroski — 2024-04-19

Introduction: Chronic gingivitis is the most common inflammatory periodontal disease, affecting up to 50% of adults. Low-power diode laser therapy (LLLT) has been proposed as an alternative treatment for chronic gingivitis.

Methods: A double-blind randomized controlled study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of LLLT in the treatment of chronic gingivitis. Thirty patients with chronic gingivitis were randomly divided into two groups: the control group (n=15) and LLLT group (n=15). The LLLT group received LLLT therapy for 10 minutes per session, twice daily for 14 days. Plaque index (PI), gingival bleeding index (GI), periodontal pocket depth (PPD), and degree of attachment loss (CAL) were measured before and after treatment.

Results: The LLLT group showed significant reductions in PI, GI, PPD, and CAL compared with the control group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p<0.05). No side effects were reported during the study.

Conclusion: LLLT has been proven to be effective and safe in the treatment of chronic gingivitis. LLLT may be a useful alternative treatment option for patients with chronic gingivitis.

The Effect of Using Oral Probiotics on Dental and Oral Health in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia

Farhanah Farhanah — 2024-04-19

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can increase the risk of periodontal disease and oral infections. Oral probiotics are believed to help maintain healthy teeth and mouth in T2DM patients. This study aims to evaluate the effect of using oral probiotics on dental and oral health in T2DM patients at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital Padang.

Methods: A total of 60 T2DM patients were randomly divided into two groups: the probiotic group (n=30) who received oral probiotic supplements for 12 weeks and the control group (n=30) who received a placebo. Plaque index, gingival index, and periodontal pocket depth were measured at the beginning and end of the study.

Results: In the probiotic group, there was a significant reduction in plaque index (p=0.001) and gingival index (p=0.002) compared to the control group. Periodontal pocket depth also showed a significant decrease in the probiotic group (p=0.005).

Conclusion: The use of oral probiotics for 12 weeks can improve dental and oral health in T2DM patients by reducing plaque index, gingival index, and periodontal pocket depth.

Antibacterial Test of Cherry Leaves Ethanol Extract (Muntingia calabura L.) Against Streptococcus mutans

Annora Rizky Amalia — 2024-05-02

Introduction: Streptococcus mutans is a bacteria that plays an important role in the occurrence of dental caries. Use of antibiotics to treat infections Streptococcus mutans often causes side effects. Cherry leaves (Muntingia calabura L.) contain active compounds that have the potential to have antibacterial effects. This research aims to determine the inhibitory power of cherry leaf ethanol extract against Streptococcus mutans in vitro.

Methods: This research uses an experimental method with a post-test-only control group design. Cherry leaf ethanol extract was made by maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent for 5 days. The antibacterial test was carried out using the paper disc diffusion method with varying concentrations of cherry leaf extract, namely 20%, 40%, and 60% w/v dissolved in 10% DMSO. The positive control used was the amoxicillin antibiotic disc, while the negative control used 10% DMSO.

Results: The results of the antibacterial test of the ethanol extract of cherry leaves in this study showed that at a concentration of 20% it had an average inhibitory power of 9.16 mm, the extract with a concentration of 40% had an inhibitory power of 11.33 mm, and at a concentration of 60% it had an inhibitory power of 12. 16mm. The positive control amoxicillin had an inhibitory power of 18.67 mm.

Conclusion: Cherry leaf ethanol extract has potential as an alternative therapy to overcome Streptococcus mutans bacterial infections.