MicroRNA Expression Profiling in Syphilis Patients: A Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker Discovery Study in Manila, Philippines

Abstract

Introduction: Syphilis remains a significant public health concern in the Philippines, with challenges in early diagnosis and prognostic assessment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as promising biomarkers due to their role in gene expression regulation and stability in body fluids. This study aimed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs in syphilis patients, explore their potential as diagnostic and prognostic markers, and contribute to the development of improved management strategies.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted involving syphilis patients and healthy controls in Manila. Blood samples were collected, and miRNA expression profiling was performed using high-throughput sequencing. Differential expression analysis, target gene prediction, pathway enrichment analysis, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were employed to identify candidate miRNA biomarkers.

Results: A panel of differentially expressed miRNAs was identified in syphilis patients compared to controls. These miRNAs were associated with immune response, inflammation, and tissue remodeling pathways. Selected miRNAs exhibited promising diagnostic potential, with high sensitivity and specificity. Additionally, certain miRNAs were correlated with disease severity and treatment response, suggesting their prognostic value.

Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into miRNA dysregulation in syphilis and identifies potential miRNA biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. Further validation and functional studies are warranted to establish their clinical utility and contribute to the development of improved syphilis management strategies in the Philippines.