Sriwijaya Journal of Radiology and Imaging Research

Factors Contributing to the Accuracy of PET Scans in Detecting Cancer Metastases in Cairo Hospitals, Egypt

Fatmah Sayeed — 2024-04-22

Introduction: Positron emission tomography (PET) has become an important diagnostic tool in oncology, providing metabolic information that can aid in the detection and evaluation of cancer. However, the accuracy of PET scans in detecting cancer metastases can be influenced by various factors, including the type of cancer, location of metastases, and image acquisition protocol. This study aims to evaluate the factors that influence the accuracy of PET scans in detecting cancer metastases in patients at Cairo Hospital, Egypt.

Methods: Patient data were collected retrospectively. A total of 5000 research subjects participated in this study. Data were analyzed to identify factors associated with false-positive or false-negative PET scan results.

Results: Patients with lung or colorectal cancer were 2.45 times more likely to experience accurate positive PET scan results than patients with other types of cancer. Patients with metastases in lymph nodes were 1.93 times more likely to experience accurate positive PET scan results than patients with metastases in solid organs. Patients with a long PET scan image acquisition protocol were 1.78 times more likely to experience accurate positive PET scan results than patients with a short image acquisition protocol.

Conclusion: PET scan is a valuable diagnostic tool in oncology, but its accuracy in detecting cancer metastases can be influenced by various factors. These factors should be considered when interpreting PET scan results and to improve cancer diagnosis and management.

Utilization of Biopsy-Guided CT Scan in Diagnosing Liver Cancer: A Case Study

Cindy Susanti — 2024-04-22

Introduction: Liver cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in Indonesia and has a high mortality rate. Early diagnosis of liver cancer is very important to increase the patient's chances of recovery. Biopsy-guided CT scan is an effective method for diagnosing liver cancer.

Case presentation: We report the case of a 55 year old man with a history of chronic hepatitis B who presented with complaints of right upper abdominal pain and weight loss. Physical examination revealed hepatomegaly and ascites. Investigations, including abdominal ultrasound and liver function tests, showed a mass in the liver. CT scan of the abdomen with contrast showed a hypodense mass in the right hepatic lobe. A CT-guided liver biopsy was performed and the histopathological diagnosis was hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The patient then underwent partial resection hepatectomy and chemotherapy.

Conclusion: Biopsy-guided CT scan is a valuable tool for the diagnosis of HCC in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Comparison of Ultrasound and MRI in Detecting Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Study in Mumbai Hospitals, India

Rajendra Singh — 2024-04-22

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women throughout the world. Early detection of breast cancer is very important to increase the chances of cure. Ultrasonography (USG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are two imaging methods commonly used to detect breast cancer. The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of ultrasound and MRI in detecting breast cancer in female patients at Mumbai Hospital, India.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 2435 female patients who underwent ultrasound and MRI examinations at Mumbai Hospital, India between 2018 and 2023. Patient data was collected from electronic medical records and analyzed to compare the accuracy of ultrasound and MRI in detecting breast cancer.

Results: The research results show that MRI is more accurate than ultrasound in detecting breast cancer. MRI sensitivity was 95.2%, while ultrasound sensitivity was 78.3%. The specificity of MRI was 98.7%, while the specificity of USG was 94.3%. The positive predictive value of MRI was 95.2%, while the positive predictive value of USG was 87.5%. The negative predictive value of MRI was 98.7%, while the negative predictive value of USG was 94.3%.

Conclusion: MRI is recommended as the primary imaging method for detecting breast cancer in female patients. Ultrasound can be used as a complementary method to MRI.

Clinical and Radiological Assessment of Patients with Lung Cancer Using Chest CT Scan: An Observational Study in a Barcelona Hospital, Spain

Stephanie Banos — 2024-04-25

Introduction: Lung cancer is one of the most common and deadliest types of cancer in the world. Chest CT scan is an important diagnostic tool for detecting and evaluating lung cancer. This study aimed to assess the clinical and radiological characteristics of patients with lung cancer who underwent chest CT scans at Barcelona Hospital, Spain.

Methods: This research is a retrospective observational study involving 1059 patients diagnosed with lung cancer who underwent chest CT scans between 2018-2023. Patient data were collected from electronic medical records, including demographic information, clinical symptoms, CT scan findings, and histopathological diagnosis results.

Results: The most common clinical symptom was cough (83.0%), followed by shortness of breath (58.8%), chest pain (45.6%), coughing up blood (20.3%), and weight loss (17, 9%). The most common CT scan finding was lung nodules (80.6%), followed by consolidation (39.7%) and pleural effusion (26.9%). The most common histopathologic diagnosis was adenocarcinoma (40.4%), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (29.5%), large cell carcinoma (17.9%), and neuroendocrine cell carcinoma (12.3%).

Conclusion: This study provides an overview of the clinical and radiological characteristics of patients with lung cancer who underwent chest CT scans at the Barcelona Hospital, Spain. The findings of this study may help doctors in diagnosing and managing patients with lung cancer.

Effectiveness of MRI in Detecting and Diagnosing Brain Tumors in Children: A Meta-Analysis

Rachmat Hidayat — 2024-04-26

Introduction: Brain tumors are one of the most common types of cancer in children. Accurate and timely diagnosis is essential to determine optimal treatment and improve patient prognosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become one of the main imaging modalities for detecting and diagnosing brain tumors in children.

Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of MRI in detecting and diagnosing brain tumors in children. Twelve studies that met the inclusion criteria were evaluated for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (NPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and positive likelihood ratio (LR+).

Results: The results of the meta-analysis showed that MRI had a sensitivity of 92.5% (95% CI: 86.4% - 96.7%) and a specificity of 97.3% (95% CI: 94.2% - 99.0%) for detecting brain tumors in children. NPV and LRP+ were 97.0% (95% CI: 93.8% - 99.2%) and 33.1 (95% CI: 11.8 - 117.2), respectively.

Conclusion: MRI is recommended as the imaging modality of choice for detecting and diagnosing brain tumors in children.